Beatrice Ukamaka Maduka, Michael Promise Ogolodom, Awajimijan Nathaniel Mbaba, Collins Jideofor Maduka, Agbo Julius Amechi, Rufus Abam and Robert Oziegbe Akhigbe
Background: Common and rare entities may manifest differently in younger children than in adults on chest radiograph and the sort of pathology encountered in pediatric patients also varies. This study was designed to evaluate the common radiographic chest findings in pediatric patients to obtain comprehensive data that will serve as a reference for the diagnosis of pediatric chest diseases in our locality.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective review of radiological reports of pediatric patients who underwent chest X-ray investigations in two selected hospitals in Enugu metropolis. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Human Research and Ethics Committees of the study centers.
Results: Out of 200 cases studied, 82% (n=164) was pathological with pneumonia having the highest frequency of occurrence, 17.0% (n=34). Normal finding accounted for about 18% (n=36). Out of the total sample size, females were highest 55.50% (n=111) when compared with their male counterparts 44.50% (n=89). Age group >1 year-4 years was highest 18.50% (n=37) and the least was age group 11 days -20 days, which is 4.0% (n=8). Pneumonia has weak positive correlation at (r=0.37, p=0.29), Pneumothorax has weak positive correlation with age at (r=0.14, p=0.70), Normal finding has weak positive correlation (r=0.51, p=0.13), Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (r=0.10, p-value=0.77).
Conclusion: Pneumonia was the most common radiographic chest finding in this study. The female population was highest in this study. The majority of the patients were within the age range of >1 year to 4 years of age. There was no statistically significant relationship between pneumonia and patients’ age.
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